Order 18 = 2 · 3²

2 / 5 paper-excluded 0 / 5 Lean-excluded even candidate

Why a candidate

Order 18 = 2 · 3² is a candidate because it divides the following Theorem 7 maxima: 54.

From the paper (Macaj–Siran 2010)

Theorem 2 (Makhnev–Paduchikh) restricts any even-order G to G = ⟨Y, t⟩ × X with |Y| ∈ {1, 3, 5, 7, 19, 21, 57}. Combined with Lemma 17 (3-group fixes Petersen or singleton), the two groups of order 18 whose only allowed decomposition would need |Y| = 9 (i.e. all of the 3²-subgroup inverted by t) are paper-excluded: D₉ and the generalized-dihedral (ℤ₃)² ⋊ ℤ₂.

Group classification

SmallGroupGroupDescriptionPaperLean
(18, 1)D₉Dihedral of order 18; ℤ₉ inverted by t.excluded (Thm 2: |Y|=9)open
(18, 2)ℤ₁₈Cyclic; decomposes as ⟨t⟩ × ℤ₉ with |Y|=1, |X|=9.allowedopen
(18, 3)(ℤ₃)² ⋊ ℤ₂Generalized dihedral; t inverts the whole (ℤ₃)².excluded (Thm 2: |Y|=9)open
(18, 4)S₃ × ℤ₃Direct product; decomposes as ⟨ℤ₃, t⟩ × ℤ₃ with |Y|=3, |X|=3.allowedopen
(18, 5)ℤ₆ × ℤ₃ ≅ ℤ₂ × (ℤ₃)²Abelian; decomposes as ⟨t⟩ × (ℤ₃)² with |Y|=1, |X|=9.allowedopen

SmallGroup IDs are illustrative — exact GAP IDs may differ; the paper-status is determined by isomorphism class.

Project status

open — no natural-language proof or Lean formalization yet. See Contribute for pointers if you want to attack this case.